sqlite: validate StatementSync.run() integers

[trivikr]

Fixes: #65177

Use the standard SQLite integer conversion for changes and lastInsertRowid. Throw ERR_OUT_OF_RANGE when a value cannot be represented safely as a Number, or return it as a BigInt when BigInt reads are enabled.

---

Assisted-by: codex:gpt-5.6-sol

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 92.30769% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.32%. Comparing base (6fec5e8) to head (e07659a).
⚠️ Report is 86 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_sqlite.cc	92.30%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #65178   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   90.32%   90.32%           
=======================================
  Files         760      760           
  Lines      248523   248534   +11     
  Branches    46896    46897    +1     
=======================================
+ Hits       224469   224492   +23     
+ Misses      15465    15464    -1     
+ Partials     8589     8578   -11     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.cc	81.25% <92.30%> (+0.01%)	⬆️

... and 32 files with indirect coverage changes

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[araujogui]

LGTM

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/75802/